A commercial mortgage is similar to a residential mortgage in that funds can be borrowed over a long period of time, usually a maximum of 30 years, secured by a first charge on the property being bought.
In taking first charge, the lender is first in the queue to recover any debt if the property ever needs to be sold. This could happen because the mortgagee wishes to move on and sells, or perhaps has defaulted on the repayments causing the lender to foreclose.
If a first charge business mortgage already exists, it is common for different lenders to advance funds secured by way of a second charge which puts that lender as second in the ’security queue’.
Unlike residential mortgages, nearly all commercial mortgages are variable rate loans which vary in line with the Base Rate set by the Bank of England’s Monetary Policy Committee. So, if a mortgage lender offers terms which include an interest rate of say ‘2% over base’ then a base rate of 4.5% would result in an interest rate of 6.5% being applied to the loan.
Some lenders will link their interest rates to LIBOR, which is the London Inter Bank Offered Rate. LIBOR is published every day in the Financial Times and can be found on a number of other financial websites.
Commercial Mortgages can be secured against most types of freehold or long leasehold properties, such as shops, pubs, care homes, restaurants, offices, industrial factory units and more. Applying for a commercial mortgage is very much like that of a residential mortgage except that the maximum that can be borrowed is 60% of the assessed Market Value, although one or two lenders will advancelend up to 75% depending upon the proposal.
These percentages are known as the Loan-to-Value ratio, or LTV. A lower LTV means that the risk to the lender is reduced. The higher the LTV, the greater the risk to the lender and it is likely that a higher interest rate would be charged.
Lenders will not usually advance above 75% LTV to ensure that there would be enough security in the event of a forced sale, perhaps through auction when it is expected that property will sell at a discounted rate. When looking for a commercial mortgage it is advisable to shop around for the best deals and to use a specialist commercial finance broker who will possess the necessary specialist knowledge to advise you accordingly.
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